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t t echnical echnical s s pecification pecification pq60280hea13 pq60280hea13 pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 1 t t h h e e p p q q 6 6 0 0 2 2 8 8 0 0 h h e e a a 1 1 3 3 p p o o w w e e r r q q o o r r ? ? e e x x a a c c o o n n v v e e r r t t e e r r i i s s a a n n i i s s o o - - l l a a t t e e d d , , f f i i x x e e d d s s w w i i t t c c h h i i n n g g f f r r e e q q u u e e n n c c y y d d c c / / d d c c c c o o n n v v e e r r t t e e r r t t h h a a t t u u s s e e s s s s y y n n c c h h r r o o n n o o u u s s r r e e c c t t i i f f i i c c a a t t i i o o n n a a n n d d a a p p a a t t e e n n t t e e d d t t o o p p o o l l o o g g y y t t o o a a c c h h i i e e v v e e e e x x t t r r e e m m e e l l y y h h i i g g h h e e f f f f i i c c i i e e n n c c y y a a n n d d p p o o w w e e r r d d e e n n s s i i t t y y . . t t h h i i s s m m o o d d u u l l e e i i s s i i d d e e a a l l l l y y s s u u i i t t e e d d t t o o s s u u p p p p o o r r t t w w i i r r e e l l e e s s s s b b a a s s e e s s t t a a t t i i o o n n a a m m p p l l i i f f i i e e r r s s a a n n d d f f o o r r a a p p p p l l i i c c a a t t i i o o n n s s t t o o d d r r i i v v e e c c o o o o l l i i n n g g f f a a n n s s u u s s e e d d i i n n n n e e t t w w o o r r k k i i n n g g s s y y s s t t e e m m s s , , s s e e r r v v e e r r s s a a n n d d d d a a t t a a s s t t o o r r a a g g e e u u n n i i t t s s . . t t h h e e e e x x a a s s e e r r i i e e s s c c o o n n v v e e r r t t e e r r s s o o f f f f e e r r i i n n d d u u s s t t r r y y l l e e a a d d i i n n g g u u s s e e a a b b l l e e o o u u t t p p u u t t p p o o w w e e r r f f o o r r a a n n y y s s t t a a n n d d a a r r d d h h a a l l f f - - b b r r i i c c k k m m o o d d u u l l e e . . t t h h e e 2 2 8 8 v v o o m m o o d d u u l l e e s s a a r r e e a a v v a a i i l l a a b b l l e e i i n n o o p p e e n n f f r r a a m m e e a a n n d d b b a a s s e e p p l l a a t t e e d d v v e e r r s s i i o o n n s s . . r r o o h h s s c c o o m m p p l l i i a a n n t t ( ( s s e e e e p p a a g g e e 1 1 2 2 ) ) . . pq60280hea13 module 48v 48v in in 28v 28v out out 12.8amp 12.8amp 2250vdc 2250vdc half-brick half-brick input input output output current current isolation isolation dc/dc conver dc/dc conver ter ter ? ultra-high efficiency, 94.5% at full rated load current, 94% at half rated load current ? delivers up to 360 watts of output power with minimal derating ? input voltage range: 35v C 75v, with 100v for 100 m s input transient capability ? fixed frequency switching provides predictable emi per - formance ? on-board input and output filtering operational features operational features ? industry standard half-brick pin-out configuration ? industry standard size: 2.3 x 2.4 (58.4 x 61.0mm) ? total height only 0.43 (10.8mm), baseplated unit only 0.50 (12.7mm) ? total weight: 2.6 oz. (75 grams), baseplated unit 4.3oz. (123 grams) mechanical features mechanical features ? on/off control referenced to input side (positive and negative logic options are available) ? remote sense for the output voltage compensates for output distribution drops ? output voltage trim permits custom voltages and voltage margining contr contr ol features ol features ? input under-voltage lockout disables converter at low input voltage conditions ? output current limit and short circuit protection protects conver ter and load from damage ? active back bias limit prevents damage to converter from external load induced pre-bias ? output over-voltage protection ? thermal shutdown pr pr otection features otection features ? 2250v , 30 m input-to-output isolation ? ul/cul 60950-1 recognized (us & canada), basic insulation rating ? tuv certified to en60950-1 ? meets 72/23/eec and 93/68/eec directives ? meets ul94v-0 flammability requirements safety features safety features
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 2 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick 1 .000 (25.40) 0.700 (17.78) 2 .40 (61.00) 1 .400 (35.56) 1.90 (48.30) load board bottom side clearance see note 10 0.19 (4.80) 0.50 (12.70) 0 .400 ( 10.16) 2.30 (58.40) 1.400 (35.56) 0.400 (10.16) 0.031+/-0.027 (0.79+/-0.68) overall height 0.393+/-0.016 ( 9.98+/-0.4) t op v iew side view pin no. name function 1 vin(+) positive input voltage 2 on/off ttl input to turn converter on and off, referenced to v in(-), with internal pull up. 4 vin(-) negative input voltage 5 vout(-) negative output voltage 6 sense(-) return remote sense 7 trim output voltage trim 8 sense(+) positive remote sense 9 vout(+) positive output voltage notes: 1. sense(-) may be connected to vout(-) either remotely or at the converter. 2. leave trim pin open for nominal output voltage. 3. sense(+) may be connected to v out(+) either remotely or at the conver ter. 0.145 (3.68) see note 3 notes 1) pins 1-4, 6-8 are 0.040 (1.02mm) diameter. with 0.080 (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2) pins 5 and 9 are 0.080 (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125 (3.18mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) other pin extension lengths available. recommended pin length is 0.03 (0.76mm) greater than the pcb thickness. 4) all pins: material - copper alloy finish (rohs 5/6) - t in/lead over nickel plate finish (rohs 6/6) - matte t in over nickel plate 5) undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 6) all dimensions in inches (mm) t olerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 7) weight: 2.6 oz. (75g) typical 8) workmanship: meets or exceeds ipc-a-610c class ii 9) ul/tuv standards require a clearance greater than 0.04 (1.02mm) between input and output for basic insulation. this issue should be considered if any copper traces are on the top side of the users board. note that the ferrite cores are considered part of the input/primary circuit. pin designations 12 4 5 6 7 8 9 mechanical diagram (open frame)
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 3 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick mechanical diagram (base-plated) pin farside t ypical m3 threaded standoff 2 places see note 4 t op v iew side view 0.20 (5.1) 0 .20 (5.1) 1.90 (48.3) 1.90 (48.3) 2 .00 (50.8) 2.30 (58.4) 0 .50 (12.7) 0.400 (10.16) 0.19 ( 4.8) 0.50 (12.6) 2 .40 (61.0) 0.400 (10.16) 1 .000 (25.40) 1.400 (35.56) 1.400 (35.56) 0 .700 (17.78) 0.12 typ. (3.0) see note 3 bottom side clearance .065 +.020/-.023 (1.65 +.51/-.58) notes 1) pins 1-4, 6-8, a, b are 0.040 (1.02mm) diameter with 0.080 (2.03mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 2) pins 5 and 9 are 0.080 (2.03 mm) diameter with 0.125 (3.18mm) diameter standoff shoulders. 3) pin length shown corresponds to pin with 0.12 extension. other pin extension lengths available. recommended pin length is 0.03 (0.76mm) greater than the pcb thickness. 4) applied torque per screw should not exceed 3 in-lb (.33nm) 5) baseplate flatness tolerance is 0.004 (0.10mm) tir for surface. 6) all pins: material - copper alloy finish (rohs 5/6) - t in/lead over nickel plate finish (rohs 6/6) - matte t in over nickel plate 7) undimensioned components are shown for visual reference only. 8) all dimensions in inches (mm) tolerances: x.xx +/-0.02 in. (x.x +/-0.5mm) x.xxx +/-0.010 in. (x.xx +/-0.25mm) 9) weight: 4.3 oz. (123g) typical 10) workmanship: meets or exceeds ipc-a-610c class ii pin no. name function 1 vin(+) positive input voltage 2 on/off ttl input to turn converter on and off, referenced to vin(-), with internal pull up. 4 vin(-) negative input voltage 5 vout(-) negative output voltage 6 sense(-) return remote sense 7 trim output voltage trim 8 sense(+) positive remote sense 9 v out(+) positive output voltage notes: 1. sense(-) may be connected to vout(-) either remotely or at the converter. 2. leave trim pin open for nominal output voltage. 3. sense(+) may be connected to v out(+) either remotely or at the conver ter . pin designations
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 4 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick parameter min. typ. max. units notes & conditions absolute maximum ratings input voltage non-operating 100 v continuous operating 80 v continuous operating transient protection 100 v 100 s transient isolation voltage (input to output) 2250 v basic insulation level, pollution degree 2 operating temperature -40 100 c storage temperature -55 125 c voltage at on/off input pin -2 18 v i nput characteristics operating input voltage range 35 48 75 v input under-voltage lockout turn-on voltage threshold 32.3 33.6 34.6 v turn-off voltage threshold 29.6 30.6 31.8 v lockout voltage hysteresis 3.0 v maximum input current 11.0 a 100% load, 35 vin no-load input current 180 250 ma disabled input current 39 60 ma inrush current transient rating 0.05 a 2 s input reflected ripple current 40 ma rms thru 4.7 h inductor; figures 13 & 15 input terminal ripple current 120 ma rms ; figures 13 & 14 recommended input fuse 20 a fast blow external fuse recommended input filter component values (l\c) 1.0 \ 5.0 h\f internal values, see figure e recommended external input capacitance 100 f typical esr 0.2 ; see figure 13 recommended external input capacitor esr1 0.04 0.20 1.00 100khz, -40oc to 100oc output characteristics output voltage set point 27.75 28.00 28.25 v output v oltage regulation over line + 0.05 \ 28 + 0.10 \ 28 %\mv over load + 0.1 \ 28 + 0.2 \ 56 %\mv over t emperature + 45 + 90 mv t otal output v oltage range 27.50 28.50 v over sample, line, load, temperature & life output v oltage ripple and noise 1 20mhz bandwidth; figures 13 & 16 peak-to-peak 150 200 mv full load, see figures 13 & 16 rms 30 50 mv full load, see figures 13 & 16 operating output current range 0.0 12.8 a subject to ther mal derating; figures 5 - 8 output dc current-limit inception 14.7 15.8 17.0 a output v oltage 10% low; figure 23 back-drive current-limit while enabled 0.5 1.0 2.0 a negative current drawn from output back-drive current-limit while disabled 0.14 0.20 0.30 a negative current drawn from output maximum output capacitance 4,000 f 28vout at 12.8a resistive load dynamic characteristics input voltage ripple rejection 30 db 120 hz; figure 20 output voltage during load current transient for a step change in output current (0.1a/s) 500 mv 50-75-50% iout max; 330f cap; figure 11 for a step change in output current (5a/s) 500 mv 50-75-50% iout max; 330f cap; figure 12 settling time 200 s to within 1% vout nom turn-on transient turn-on time 10 19 26 ms full load, vout=90% nom.; figures 9 & 10 start-up inhibit time 2 4 6 ms -40c to +125c; figure a output voltage overshoot 0 % 4,000 f load capacitance, iout = 12.8a resistive load efficiency 100% load 94.5 % figures 1 - 4 50% load 94.0 % figures 1 - 4 temperature limits for power derating curves semiconductor junction temperature 125 c package rated to 150c board temperature 125 c ul rated max operating temp 130c transformer temperature 125 c see figures 5 - 8 for derating curves maximum baseplate temperature 100 c applies to pq60280heb13xxx unit only isolation characteristics isolation voltage (dielectric strength) 2250 v isolation resistance 30 m isolation capacitance 2 220 pf pq60280hea13 electrical characteristics t a =25c, airflow rate=300 lfm, v i n =48vdc unless otherwise noted; full operating temperature range is -40c to +100c ambient tem- perature with appropriate power derating. specifications subject to change without notice. note 1: for applications requiring reduced output voltage ripple and noise, consult synqor applications support (e-mail: suppor t@synqor .com ) note 2: higher values of isolation capacitance can be added external to the module.
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 5 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick parameter p min. typ. max. units notes & conditions f eature characteristics switching frequency 275 290 305 khz regulation and isolation stages on/off control (option p) off-state voltage -2 0.8 v on-state voltage 2.7 18 v on/off control (option n) off-state voltage 2.7 18 v on-state voltage -2 0.8 v on/off control (either option) figure a pull-up voltage 5 5.5 v pull-up resistance 10 k output voltage trim range -50 +10 % measured across pins 9 & 5; figure c output voltage remote sense range +10 % measured across pins 9 & 5 output over-voltage protection 111 117 123 % over full temp range; % of nominal vout over-temperature shutdown 120 c average pcb temperature over-temperature shutdown restart hysteresis 10 c load current scale factor 400 see app note: output load current calc. reliability characteristics calculated mtbf (t elcordia) 1.9 10 6 hrs. tr-nwt -000332; 80% load,300lfm, 40 o c t a calculated mtbf (mil-217) 1.4 10 6 hrs. mil-hdbk-217f; 80% load, 300lfm, 40 o c t a field demonstrated mtbf 10 6 hrs. see our website for details standards compliance parameter p notes st andards compliance ul/cul 60950-1 file # e194341, basic insulation & pollution degree 2 en60950-1 cer tified by tuv 72/23/eec 93/68/eec needle flame t est (iec 695-2-2) t est on entire assembly; board & plastic components ul94v -0 compliant iec 61000-4-2 esd test, 8kv - np , 15kv air - np (nor mal per for mance) gr-1089-core section 7 - electrical safety , section 9 - bonding/grounding t elcordia (bellcore) gr-513 ? an external input fuse must always be used to meet these safety requirements. contact synqor for official safety cer tificates on new releases or download from the synqor website . qualifica tion testing parameter p # units test conditions qualifica tion testing life t est 32 95% rated v in and load, units at derating point, 1000 hours v ibration 5 10-55hz sweep, 0.060 total excursion,1 min./sweep, 120 sweeps for 3 axis mechanical shock 5 100g minimum, 2 drops in x and y axis, 1 drop in z axis t emperature cycling 10 -40c to 100c, unit temp. ramp 15c/min., 500 cycles power/ther mal cycling 5 t operating = min to max, v in = min to max, full load, 100 cycles design marginality 5t min -10c to t max +10c, 5c steps, v in = min to max, 0-105% load humidity 5 85c, 85% rh, 1000 hours, 2 minutes on and 6 hours off solderability 15 pins mil-std-883, method 2003 ? extensive characterization testing of all synqor products and manufacturing processes is performed to ensure that we supply robust, reliable product. contact the factor y for official product family qualification documents. electrical characteristics (continued) options synqor provides various options for logic sense, pin length and feature set for this family of dc/dc conver ters. please consult the last page for infor mation on available options. patents synqor is protected under various patents, including but not lim- ited to u.s. patent numbers 5,999,417; 6,222,742 b1; 6,594,159 b2; 6,545,890 b2.
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 6 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 0 2 5 4 0 5 5 7 0 8 5 ambient air temperature (oc) i o u t ( a ) 400 lfm (2.0 m/s) 3 0 0 lfm (1.5 m/s) 2 00 lfm (1.0 m/s) 1 00 lfm (0.5 m/s) figure 5: maximum output power derating curves vs. ambient air tem- perature for airflow rates of 100 lfm through 400 lfm with air flow- ing fr om pin 4 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage). 65 70 75 80 85 9 0 95 1 00 0 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 load current (a) e f f i c i e n c y ( % ) 35 vin 4 8 vin 7 5 vin 9 2 93 94 95 9 6 0 100 200 300 400 air flow (lfm) e f f i c i e n c y ( % ) 25 c 4 0 c 5 5 c figure 2: efficiency at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25 c, 40 c, and 55 c (nominal input voltage). 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 1 3 4 5 7 8 9 10 12 13 load current (a) p o w e r d i s s i p a t i o n ( w ) 35 vin 48 vin 75 vin figure 3: power dissipation at nominal output voltage vs. load current for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25 c. 10 11 12 13 14 0 100 200 300 400 air flow (lfm) p o w e r d i s s i p a t i o n ( w ) 25 c 40 c 55 c figure 4: power dissipation at nominal output voltage and 60% rated power vs. airflow rate for ambient air temperatures of 25 c, 40 c, and 55 c (nominal input voltage). figure 6: thermal plot of converter at 9.3 amp load current (260.4w) with 55 c air flowing at the rate of 200 lfm. air is flowing from pin 4 to pin 1 (nominal input voltage). figure 1: efficiency at nominal output voltage vs. load current for min- imum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at 25 c. s e m i c o n d u c t o r j u n c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e i s w i t h i n 1 c o f s u r f a c e t e m p e r a t u r e
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 7 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick figure 8: thermal plot of converter at 9.6 amp load current (268.8w) with 55 c air flowing at the rate of 200 lfm. air is flowing across the conver ter fr om input to output (nominal input voltage). figure 9: turn-on transient at full load (resistive load) (10 ms/div). input voltage pre-applied. top trace: vout (5v/div). bottom trace: on/off input (5v/div) figure 10: turn-on transient at zero load (10 ms/div). top trace: vout (5v/div). bottom trace: on/off input (5v/div) figure 11 : output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%- 50% of iout(max); di/dt = 0.1a/ s). load cap: 330 f, electrolytic output capaci- tance. t op trace: vout (500mv/div). bottom trace: iout (5a/div). figure 12 : output voltage response to step-change in load current (50%-75%- 50% of iout(max): di/dt = 5a/ s). load cap: 330 f, electrolytic output capaci- tance. t op trace: vout (500mv/div). bottom trace: iout (5a/div). 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 11 12 1 3 0 25 40 55 70 85 ambient air temperature (oc) i o u t ( a ) 4 00 lfm (2.0 m/s) 3 00 lfm (1.5 m/s) 2 00 lfm (1.0 m/s) 1 00 lfm (0.5 m/s) figure 7: maximum output power derating cur ves vs. ambient air tem - perature for airflow rates of 100 lfm through 400 lfm with air flow- ing from input to output (nominal input voltage). s e m i c o n d u c t o r j u n c t i o n t e m p e r a t u r e i s w i t h i n 1 c o f s u r f a c e t e m p e r a t u r e
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 8 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick figure 13: test set-up diagram showing measurement points for input terminal ripple current (figure 14), input reflected ripple current (figur e 15) and output v oltage ripple (figur e 16). figure 14: input terminal ripple current, i c , at full rated output cur- rent and nominal input voltage with 4.7 h source impedance and 100 f electr olytic capacitor (100 ma/div). (see figur e 13) figure 15: input reflected ripple current, i s , through a 10 h source inductor at nominal input voltage and rated load current (10 ma/div). (see figure 13) figure 16: output voltage ripple at nominal input voltage and rated load current (50 mv/div). load capacitance: two 4.7 f ceramic capaci- tors and 15 f tantalum capacitor. bandwidth: 20 mhz. (see figure 13) figure 17: output voltage response to step-change in input voltage (1000v/ms). load cap: 330 f, electrolytic output capacitance. ch 1: vout (2v/div), ch 2: vin (20v/div). figure 18: load current (5a/div) as a function of time when the con- verter attempts to turn on into a 10 m short circuit. 4.7 h s ource impedance dc/dc converter see fig. 15 see fig. 14 see fig. 16 2*4.7 f c eramic capacitor 15 f, tantalum and 1 f ceramic capacitor 1 00 f , electrolytic capacitor v source i s i c v out
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 9 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick 0.0001 0.001 0.01 0 .1 1 1 0 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz o u t p u t i m p e d a n c e ( ) 3 5 vin 48 vin 75 vin figure 19: magnitude of incremental output impedance (z out = v out /i out ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. -50 - 40 -30 -20 -10 0 1 0 1 00 1 ,000 1 0,000 1 00,000 hz f o r w a r d t r a n s m i s s i o n ( d b ) 35 vin 48 vin 75 vin figure 20: magnitude of incremental forward transmission (ft = v out /v in ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. -30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0 5 10 15 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz r e v e r s e t r a n s m i s s i o n ( d b ) 35 vin 48 vin 75 vin figure 21: magnitude of incremental reverse transmission (rt = i in /i out ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 0.1 1 10 100 10 100 1,000 10,000 100,000 hz i n p u t i m p e d a n c e ( ) 35 vin 48 vin 75 vin figure 22: magnitude of incremental input impedance (z in = v in /i in ) for minimum, nominal, and maximum input voltage at full rated power. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 load current (a) o u t p u t v o l t a g e ( v ) 3 5 v 4 8 v 7 5 v figure 23: output voltage vs. load current showing typical current limit curves and converter shutdown points.
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 10 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick basic operation and features the power qor series converter uses a two-stage power conver- sion topology. the first stage keeps the output voltage constant over variations in line, load, and temperature. the second stage uses a transformer to provide the functions of input/output isola- tion and voltage step-down to achieve the low output voltage required. both the first stage and the second stage switch at a fixed fre- quency for predictable emi performance. rectification of the transformers output is accomplished with synchronous rectifiers. these devices, which are mosfets with a very low on-state resis- tance, dissipate far less energy than schottky diodes. this is the primary reason that the power qor converter has such high effi- ciency, even at very low output voltages and very high output cur- rents. dissipation throughout the converter is so low that it does not require a heatsink for operation. since a heatsink is not required, the power qor conver ter does not need a metal baseplate or pot - ting material to help conduct the dissipated energy to the heatsink. the power qor conver ter can thus be built more simply and reliably using high yield sur face mount techniques on a pcb substrate. the power qor series of half-brick and quar ter -brick conver ters uses the industr y standard footprint and pin-out configuration. control features remote on/off (pin 2 ): the on/off input, pin 2, permits the user to control when the converter is on or off . this input is referenced to the return terminal of the input bus, vin(-). there are two versions of the converter that differ by the sense of the logic used for the on/off input. in the positive logic version, the on/off input is active high (meaning that a high turns the converter on ). in the negative logic version, the on/off signal is active low (meaning that a low turns the converter on ). figure a details five possible circuits for driving the on/off pin. remote sense(+ ) (pins 8 and 6) : the sense(+ ) inputs cor- rect for voltage drops along the conductors that connect the con- ver ter s output pins to the load. pin 8 should be connected to vout(+) and pin 6 should be con- nected to vout(-) at the point on the board where regulation is desired. a remote connection at the load can adjust for a voltage drop only as large as that specified in this datasheet, that is pins 8 and 6 must be connected for proper regulation of the out- put voltage. if these connections are not made, the converter will deliver an output voltage that is slightly higher than its specified value. note : the output over-voltage protection circuit senses the voltage across the output (pins 9 and 5) to deter mine when it should trig- ger , not the voltage across the converters sense leads (pins 8 and 6). therefore, the resistive drop on the board should be small enough so that output ovp does not trigger, even during load transients. output voltage trim (pin 7) : the trim input permits the user to adjust the output voltage across the sense leads up or down according to the trim range specifications. to decrease the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between pin 7 and pin 6 (sense(-) input). for a desired decrease of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be r trim-down = ( 100% ) - 2 (k ) ? where ?% = v nominal C v desired x 100% v nominal open collector enable circuit figure a: v arious cir cuits for driving the on/off pin. remote enable circuit direct logic drive negative logic (permanently enabled) positive logic (per manently enabled) on/off v in( _ ) on/off on/off vin( _ ) on/off 5v ttl/ cmos vin( _ ) on/off vin( _ ) v in( _ )
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 11 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick to increase the output voltage, the user should connect a resistor between pin 7 and pin 8 (sense(+) input). for a desired increase of the nominal output voltage, the value of the resistor should be figure c graphs the relationship between the trim resistor value and rtrim-up and rtrim-down, showing the total range the output voltage can be trimmed up or down. figure c: trim graph for 28vout module note : the trim feature does not affect the voltage at which the output over -voltage protection circuit is triggered. trimming the output voltage too high may cause the over -voltage protection cir - cuit to engage, particularly during transients. it is not necessary for the user to add capacitance at the trim pin. the node is internally bypassed to eliminate noise. total dc variation of vout: for the converter to meet its full specifications, the maximum variation of the dc value of vout, due to both trimming and remote load voltage drops, should not be greater than that specified for the output voltage trim range. protection fea tures input under-voltage lockout : the converter is designed to turn off when the input voltage is too low, helping avoid an input system instability problem, described in more detail in the appli- cation note titled input system instability. the lockout circuitry is a comparator with dc hysteresis. when the input voltage is ris- ing, it must exceed the typical turn-on voltage threshold value* before the converter will turn on. once the converter is on, the input voltage must fall below the typical turn-off voltage threshold value before the converter will turn off. output current limit : if the output current exceeds the "output dc current limit inception" point*, then a fast linear cur- rent limit controller will reduce the output voltage to maintain a constant output current. there is no minimum operating output voltage. the converter will run with low on-board power dissi- pation down to zero output voltage. a redundant circuit will shut- down the converter if the primary current limit fails. back-drive current limit : if there is negative output current of a magnitude larger than the "back-drive current limit while enabled" specification*, then a fast back-drive limit controller will increase the output voltage to maintain a constant output current. if this results in the output voltage exceeding the "output over- voltage protection" threshold*, then the unit will shut down. the full i-v output characteristic can be seen in figure 19 . output over-v oltage limit : if the voltage across the output pins exceeds the output over -v oltage protection threshold*, the conver ter will immediately stop switching. this prevents dam - age to the load circuit due to 1) excessive series resistance in out - put current path from conver ter output pins to sense point, 2) a release of a short-circuit condition, or 3) a release of a current limit condition. load capacitance determines exactly how high the output voltage will rise in response to these conditions. over-temperature shutdown : a temperature sensor on the converter senses the average temperature of the module. the thermal shutdown circuit is designed to turn the converter off when the temperature at the sensed location reaches the over - temperature shutdown value. it will allow the converter to turn on again when the temperature of the sensed location falls by the amount of the over-temperature shutdown restart hysteresis value. start-up inhibit period : if any protection feature causes the converter to shut down, the converter will attempt to restart after 2ms (typical), the "startup inhibit period".* on initial applica- tion of input voltage, with the on/off pin set to enable the con- verter, the "turn-on time"* will increase by only 2ms. 0.0 0.1 1.0 1 0.0 100.0 1,000.0 1 0,000.0 100,000.0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 t r i m r e s i s t a n c e ( k o h m s ) % increase in vout % decrease in vout (k ) r trim-up = ( v nominal C 2 ) x v d es + v n om 1.225 v des - v nom * see specifications page for details.
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 12 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick application considerations input system instability: this condition can occur because any dc/dc converter appears incrementally as a negative resistance load. a detailed application note titled input system instability is available on the synqor website which provides an understanding of why this instability arises, and shows the preferred solution for correcting it. application circuits: figure d below provides a typical cir- cuit diagram which details the input filtering and voltage trim- ming. input filtering and external input capacitance: figure e below shows the internal input filter components. this filter dra- matically reduces input terminal ripple current, which otherwise could exceed the rating of an external electrolytic input capaci- tor. the recommended external input capacitance is specified in the input characteristics section on the electrical specifications page . more detailed information is available in the application note titled emi characteristics on the synqor website . output filtering and external output capacitance: figure e below shows the inter nal output filter components. this filter dramatically reduces output voltage ripple. however , some minimum exter nal output capacitance is required, as specified in the output characteristics section on the electrical specifications page . no damage will occur without this capacitor connected, but peak output voltage ripple will be much higher. rohs compliance: the eu led rohs (restriction of hazardous substances) directive bans the use of lead, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, mercury, polybrominated biphenyls (pbb), and polybrominated diphenyl ether (pbde) in electrical and electronic equipment. this synqor product is available as 5/6 rohs compliant (product with lead) or 6/6 rohs compliant. for more information please refer to synqors rohs addendum available at our rohs compliance / lead free initiative web page or e-mail us at rohs@synqor .com . v in exter nal input filter trim v in( + ) i load c load c 1 c out l in l out /2 l out /2 c 2 v out(+) r trim-up or r trim-down v sense(+) on/off regulation stage isolation stage current sense v in( _ ) v in(+) v in( _ ) v out(+) v out( _ ) v out( _ ) v sense( _ ) electrolytic capacitor 100f esr ? 0.2 2 x 4.7 f local ceramic figure d: typical application circuit (negative logic unit, permanently enabled). figure e: internal input and output filter diagram (component values listed on specifications page ) .
pr oduct # pq60280hea13 phone 1-888-567-9596 www .synqor .com doc.# 005-2he628p rev. a 04/17/06 page 13 t t echnical s echnical s pecification pecification input: input: output: output: current: current: p p ackage: ackage: 35-75 v 35-75 v 28 v 28 v 12.8 a 12.8 a half-brick half-brick part numbering system the part numbering system for synqors power qor dc/dc converters follows the format shown in the example below. the first 12 characters comprise the base par t number and the last 3 characters indicate available options. although there are no default values for enable logic and pin length, the most common options are negative logic and 0.145 pins. these part numbers are more likely to be readily available in stock for evaluation and prototype quantities. a -g suffix indi - cates 6/6 rohs compliance. application notes a variety of application notes and technical white papers can be downloaded in pdf for mat from our website . ordering information the tables below show the valid model numbers and ordering options for converters in this product family. when ordering synqor converters, please ensure that you use the complete 15 character part number consisting of the 12 character base part number and the additional 3 characters for options. to order 6/6 rohs compliant product please add a -g suffix. the following option choices must be included in place of the x y z spaces in the model numbers listed above. w arranty synqor offers a three (3) year limited warranty. complete warranty information is listed on our website or is available upon request from synqor. information furnished by synqor is believed to be accurate and reliable. however, no responsibility is assumed by synqor for its use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties which may result from its use. no license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of synqor. contact synqor for fur ther information: phone : 978-849-0600 t oll free : 888-567-9596 fax : 978-849-0602 e-mail : power@synqor .com w eb : www .synqor .com address : 155 swanson road boxborough, ma 01719 usa output max output voltage current pq60280hea13 xyz 35 - 75 v 28.0 v 12.8 a pq60280heb13 xyz 35 - 75 v 28.0 v 12.8 a model number input voltage enable pin feature logic length set p - positive n - negative k - 0.110" n - 0.145" r - 0.180" y - 0.250" s - standard options description: x y z pq 60 280 h e a 13 n n s product family package size performance level thermal design output current options (see ordering information) input voltage output voltage

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